UKUXHUMANA NOKUKLANYWA NOKUTHUTHUKISA KWE-NANOMANUFACTUR

Ukukhiqiza ku-nanoscale kwaziwa ngokuthi nanomanufacturing, futhi kuhilela ukukhiqizwa okuthuthukisiwe, okuthembekile, nokungabizi kwezinto zokwakha, izakhiwo, amadivayisi namasistimu. Kuhlanganisa futhi ukuklama, ukuthuthukiswa, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinqubo ezisuka phansi kanye nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziya phezulu noma zokuzihlanganisa. I-Nanomanufacturing iholela ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe nemikhiqizo emisha. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokwenza ama-nanomanufacturing, ukusuka phezulu noma phansi ukuya phezulu. Ukwakhiwa okusuka phansi kunciphisa izingcezu ezinkulu zezinto kuze kube phansi ku-nanoscale. Le ndlela idinga amanani amakhulu wezinto futhi ingaholela ekumoshweni uma impahla eyeqile ilahlwa. Indlela yokuya phansi iye phezulu yokwenza i-nanomanufacturing ngakolunye uhlangothi idala imikhiqizo ngokuyakha kusuka kuzingxenye zesikali se-athomu nesamangqamuzana. Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka mayelana nomqondo wokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezithile zesikali se-molecular ezizozihlanganisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukusuka phansi kuye phezulu zibe izakhiwo ezihlelekile.

 

Ezinye zezinqubo ezivumela ukwenziwa kwe-nanomanufacturing yilezi:

• I-CVD: I-Chemical Vapor Deposition iyinqubo lapho amakhemikhali asabela khona ukuze akhiqize amafilimu ahlanzekile kakhulu, asebenza kahle kakhulu.

• I-MBE: I-Molecular Beam Epitaxy iyindlela eyodwa yokufaka amafilimu amancane alawulwa kakhulu.

• I-ALE: I-Atomic Layer Epitaxy iyinqubo yokufaka izendlalelo ezinogqinsi lwe-athomu eyodwa endaweni engaphezulu

• I-Nanoimprint lithography iyinqubo yokudala izici ze-nanoscale ngokugxiviza noma ukuziphrinta endaweni engaphezulu.

• I-DPL: I-Dip Pen Lithography iyinqubo lapho ichopho lesibonakhulu samandla e-athomu "licwiliswa" oketshezini lwamakhemikhali bese lisetshenziselwa "ukubhala" ngaphezulu, okufana nepeni likayinki.

• Ukucutshungulwa kwe-Roll-to-roll kuyinqubo yokukhiqiza amadivaysi e-nanoscale ku-roll ye-ultrathin plastic noma insimbi.

 

Izakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo zezinto zokwakha zingathuthukiswa ngezinqubo ze-nanomanufacturing. Ama-nanomaterials anjalo angaba namandla, alula, aqine kakhudlwana, amelane nokuklwebheka, i-hydrophobic (exosha amanzi), i-hydrophilic (ethanda amanzi, ukumanzisa kalula), i-AR (i-anti-reflective), ukuzihlanza, ukumelana ne-ultraviolet- noma i-infrared, i-antifog, i-electrical conductive, i-antimicrobial phakathi kwabanye. Imikhiqizo enikwe amandla i-Nanotechnology isukela kumalulwane e-baseball namarekhethi ethenisi kuya ekutholweni kwe-ultrasensitive kanye nokuhlonza ubuthi bebhayoloji namakhemikhali. 

 

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-nanotechnology zingaba ngokoqobo maduze. I-Nanotechnology inamandla okwandisa ngokuphawulekayo umthamo wokugcina ulwazi; yonke inkumbulo yekhompuyutha ingase ikwazi ukugcinwa ku-chip eyodwa encane. I-Nanotechnology cishe izovumela ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, amabhethri ashibhile namaseli elanga.

 

Ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwe-nanotechnology, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-nanomanoma ekugcineni kwemikhiqizo, kudinga amathuluzi nezinsiza ezithuthukile nezimba eqolo kanye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu. I-AGS-Engineering isesimweni esihle sokukusiza kule nkundla entsha nengase ithembise. Sinabo ososayensi nonjiniyela be-nanotechnology esisindweni esinzima abaneziqu ze-Ph.D ezivela kwezinye zezikhungo ezihamba phambili njenge-University of Stanford, MIT, UC Berkley, UCSD. Uhlu olufushane lwezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe esingakunikeza emkhakheni we-nanotechnology kanye ne-nanomanufacturing yilezi:

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• Idizayini yethuluzi le-Nanotechnology nokuthuthukiswa. Qedela ubunjiniyela bemishini ye-nanotechnology, ukuklama nokuthuthukiswa, izinsizakalo zokwenziwa kwe-prototype. Amathuluzi okucubungula, amamojula, amagumbi, ama-sub-assemblies kanye nemishini yokuphatha, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa (amathuluzi e-R&D), ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, amathuluzi okukhiqiza, okokusebenza kokuhlola.

• Ukuklama nokuthuthukiswa kwezici ze-nanoscale, ama-nanopowder, ama-nanofibers, ama-nanowires, ama-nanotubes, ama-nanorings, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-MEMS ne-NEMS, i-nanoscale lithography.

• Ukusiza amaklayenti ekuklameni nasekumodeleni ku-nanotechnology kusetshenziswa amathuluzi esofthiwe athuthukile njenge-Atomistix Virtual NanoLab. Izinsizakalo zokumodela ze-CAD zisebenzisa i-SolidWorks ne-Pro/ENGINEER

• Izinsizakalo zokubonisana nge-nanotechnology kanye ne-nanomanufacturing: Ukulungiswa kwama-Nanomaterials, ukulinganisa, ukucubungula, nokuhlanganiswa, ukwakheka kwe-membrane, ukwakhiwa kwama-nanowires, ukuhlolwa kwe-nanotechnology kwe-Angel and Venture Capital Investors.

• Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwama-nanomaterials afana nolwelwesi lwe-nanowire, izinto zebhethri ze-Li-ion ze-cathode, ama-nanotube ekhabhoni kanye ne-ceramic, ama-conductive pastes noyinki, ama-nanowires ensimbi, ama-semiconductor nanowires, ama-ceramic nanowires.

• Ucwaningo lwenkontileka

 

UKUXHUMANA KWAMA-MICROMUFACTURING & UKUDANIA NOKUTHUTHUKISA

I-Micromanufacturing isinyathelo esingezansi kwe-Nanomanufacturing futhi ihlanganisa izinqubo ezifanele ukwenza amadivaysi amancane nemikhiqizo kuma-micron noma ama-micron of dimensions. Ngakho-ke manje sisendaweni enobukhulu obukhulu cishe ngokuphindwe ka-1000 kune-nanomanufacturing. Kwesinye isikhathi ubukhulu bomkhiqizo owenziwe ngezinto ezincane bungaba bukhulu, kodwa sisasebenzisa leli gama ukuze sibhekisele kumigomo nezinqubo ezihilelekile. I-Micromanufacturing isetshenziswa kabanzi namuhla ukwenza izinto zikagesi ku-chip, i-MEMS (MicroElectroMechanical Systems), izinzwa, ama-probe, izakhiwo ze-polymer ezingaqhubi, amadivaysi e-microfluidic, amadivaysi e-micro-optical kanye nezinhlelo, ama-micro assemblies.… njll. Eqinisweni i-micromanufacturing isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo nobufanayo obusetshenziswa namuhla ekwenzeni amadivaysi e-microelectronic, ngomehluko wokuthi ekwenziweni okuncane kobukhulu bethu bukhulu kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezici ze-nanometric ngaphakathi kwama-microchip. Amanye amasu anjenge-soft lithography nawo asetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-micromanufacturing. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-nanomanufacturing, lena inkambu evuthiwe kakhulu. Kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhiqiza ekukhiqizeni i-micromanufacturing, imininingwane ongayithola esizeni sethu sokukhiqiza:

http://www.agstech.net/html/micromanufacturing--micromachining-e4.html

 

http://www.agstech.net/html/nano-micromanufacturing-e.html

 

Sinonjiniyela abakhulu abanesizinda se-semiconductor microelectronics, i-MEMS kanye ne-microfluidics ukukunikeza amasevisi kulo mkhakha. Uma inkinga isichaziwe, singanikeza izixazululo eziyingqayizivele ezithathwe eminyakeni eminingi yolwazi lokukhiqiza izinto ezincane zochwepheshe bezihloko zethu.  Singakusiza:

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• Linganisa imibono ukuze kwenziwe

• Khetha izinto zokwakha nezinqubo

• Dala futhi ukhiqize imidwebo, ukulingisa kanye namafayela okuklama usebenzisa isofthiwe efana ne-Coventor, i-COMSOL Multiphysics

• Nquma ukubekezelelana

• Izixazululo zemibukiso, nikela ngezinsizakalo zokubonisana

• Xhumana nezindwangu futhi ukhiqize ama-prototypes nama-prototypes asheshayo ngokuya kwesikhathi esibekelwe amaklayenti

• Yenza kube lula ukudluliswa kusuka ku-prototyping kuya ekukhiqizeni

• Inkontileka encane yokukhiqiza

• Amathuluzi okukhiqiza ama-Micromanufacturing nokwakhiwa kwezinhlelo nokuthuthukiswa. Gcwalisa i-micromanufacturing capital equipment engineering, design & development, izinsiza zokwenziwa kwe-prototype. Amathuluzi okucubungula, amamojula, amagumbi, ama-sub-assemblies kanye nemishini yokuphatha, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa (amathuluzi e-R&D), ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, amathuluzi okukhiqiza, ukufakwa kwemishini yokuhlola kanye nenkonzo.

• Ucwaningo lwenkontileka

• Ukuqeqeshwa endaweni kanye nangaphandle kwendawo

• Izinsizakalo zofakazi abangochwepheshe kanye necala ku-micromanufacturing

 

Kunokuba sidizayine into engakwazi ukwakhiwa, siklama ukwenziwa kusuka phansi kuya phezulu. Singakunikeza ezinye izinketho futhi sihlole indlela ngayinye ngombono wezobuchwepheshe, wokukhiqiza nowomnotho.

 

UKUXHUMANA KOKUKHIQIWA KWE-MESO-SCALE KANYE NOKUDIYILA NOKUTHUTHUKISA

Nokho izinga elilodwa eliphakeme ukusuka ku-micromanufacturing indawo yokukhiqiza i-Meso-Scale. Ngamasu okukhiqiza avamile sikhiqiza izakhiwo ze-macroscale ezinkulu futhi ezibonakala ngeso lenyama. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Meso-scale nokho kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zamadivayisi amancane. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Meso-scale kuphinde kubizwe ngokuthi yi-Mesomanufacturing noma kafushane i-Meso-Machining. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Meso-scale kuphakathi futhi kweqa kokubili ukwenziwa kwezinto ezinkulu kanye ne-micromanufacturing. Incazelo ye-mesoscale ingase yehluke kodwa ngokuvamile ingeyezilinganiso zobude zezinqubo nezinto zokwakha ezingaphezulu kwama-microns ayi-100. Izibonelo zokwenziwa kwe-meso-scale izinsiza-kuzwa, ama-microphone amancane, ama-stents, amamotho amancane kakhulu, izinzwa nezithonjana...njll. Kumaphrojekthi wakho wokukhiqiza we-meso-scale singakusiza:

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• Linganisa imibono yesikali se-meso ukuze kwenziwe

• Khetha izinto zokwakha nezinqubo ezifanele ukwenziwa kwe-mesomanufacturing

• Dala futhi ukhiqize imidwebo, ukulingisa kanye namafayela okuklama usebenzisa isofthiwe efana ne-Coventor, i-COMSOL Multiphysics

• Nquma ukubekezelelana

• Izixazululo zemibukiso, nikela ngezinsizakalo zokubonisana

• Xhumana nezindawo zokukhiqiza ze-meso-scale esibambisana nazo futhi sikhiqize ama-prototypes nama-prototypes asheshayo ngokuya kwesikhathi seklayenti

• Yenza kube lula ukudluliswa kusuka ku-prototyping kuya ekukhiqizeni

• Ukukhiqizwa kwe-meso-scale yenkontileka

• Amathuluzi okukhiqiza we-Meso-scale nezinhlelo zokuklama nokuthuthukiswa. Gcwalisa i-mesomanufacturing capital equipment engineering, design & development, prototype fabrication services. Amathuluzi okucubungula, amamojula, amagumbi, ama-sub-assemblies kanye nemishini yokuphatha, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa (amathuluzi e-R&D), ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, amathuluzi okukhiqiza, ukufakwa kwemishini yokuhlola kanye nenkonzo. Onjiniyela bethu basebenza ekudizayineni Okudidiyelwe kanye nemvelo yesofthiwe yokulingisa yezinhlelo zokusebenza zethuluzi lomshini we-meso-scale ngohlelo lochwepheshe olusekelwe kumshini wokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwethuluzi, ukukhiqizwa kwedizayini yekhandidethi ehlelekile, nokuhlola ukusebenza.

• Ucwaningo lwenkontileka

• Ukuqeqeshwa endaweni kanye nangaphandle kwendawo

• Izinsizakalo zofakazi abangochwepheshe kanye necala lokumangalela ekukhiqizeni i-meso-scale

 

Ngamandla ethu okukhiqiza we-nano-scale, micro-scale kanye ne-meso-scale izingxenye kanye nemikhiqizo sicela uvakashele isayithi lethu.http://www.agstech.net